Deciduous types of wood

The deciduous types of wood are divided into hardwood and softwood. Wood of such types practically does not smell, but a smell appears only at the fresh cut of wood and its treatment. Among the hardwood types oak, birch and ash are most often used. The most popular softwood trees are aspen and alder. Oak is frequently used for making furniture. Oaken furniture is considered to be the most beautiful and durable, besides, dense wood makes it possible to adorn details with a relief fretwork. The durability and hardness of wood is necessary for making of small, but durable joints .Oak is one of not many types of wood from which it is possible to make the bent details of different radius. Due to the high content of tannic substances, oak is considered to be the steadiest one to rotting of all the deciduous trees. Beech also belongs to the hardwood types. As to the qualities it is practically not worse than oak. It is treated, bent and saturated with different chemical solutions similarly well as oak. This quality is instrumental in the longevity of the varnished and painted coverings. But because beech is strongly warped at drying, it tends to rot, forming the wormholes, and it is rarely used for making furniture. Ash is most often used for making furniture, veneer and parquet. Such wide application of ash is conditioned, first of all, by the qualities of its wood: durable, viscid, lasting, proof against rotting, with a beautiful picture, which is little warped at the loss of weight and well bent. Birch is used not so often, as ash. The reasons are nonstability to rotting, the large loss of weight and susceptibility to warping. However, wood of birch is well treated, it enables to make a small relief fretwork. Besides, wood of birch is well saturated with chemical substances, it perfectly retains the lacquered covering. Stuck, birch bark, elm present one type. Among basic qualities which are peculiar to this type, it is possible to name: density, durability and viscidity. At the loss of weight the wood is practically not warped and does not crack. Besides, after steaming the wood can be bent as you wish. Though, because of the dense structure the wood is badly polished, planed and painted. Nut has a beautiful wood and is used for finishings. It is well treated, polished and saturated with chemical substances. Heavy and durable wood of nut does not warp and rot. Aspen has a soft wood with little twigs. Aspen is well treated, but because of its porous structure small details can break practically during their production. Poplar also belongs to the softwood type. Beautiful small details and wares can be made of such wood. But poplar is inclined to rotting, warping and cracking. Alder is most often used for building houses and making furniture. Alder practically does not rot, and it is often used for building frames of wells. Also it is well used for building of pantries - it does not smell and does not absorb smells. Linden-tree among all softwood trees is valued at making the large fretted details for furniture. Besides, it is one of not many types of wood which is not warped and does not crack at the loss of weight. Linden-tree has a durable structure which practically does not rot.

Wood of fruit-trees

Among rare types which are used in joinery and carpenter business, large part is taken by wood of fruit-trees. Wood of wild trees is mainly used here. Pear possesses a dense homogeneous beautiful wood, used mainly for making small details. It is rarely possible to get a large board from a pear barrel. Though, not only because of this pear is used for the decoration of furniture. Its wood is arranged in such a way that at cutting the blade takes off shaving in the direction of growth of fibres and against them. In addition, it is well polished and saturated. There is another feature of pear - it belongs both to the hard and to the soft types. Raw wood is soft enough, but if to steep it and then to dry up slowly, wood becomes very hard. Among drawbacks, it is possible to name only one - without the lacquered covering the tree quickly becomes dark and begins to rot. Apple-tree belongs to the row of the most beautiful and durable types of wood. However, after drying out the wood is so much warped, that it is better to work only with the well dried wood. As well as pear, it is used for finishings, making home utensil and decorations. Plum, as well as apple-tree, is much subjected to warping and cracking at drying. Hard and durable wood with a number of coloured veins is perfectly cut and polished. It is used for making decorations and for the relief finishing of furniture. The sharpened utensil made of plum is also much valued.

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